Ligaments and Tendons
Our research and treatment have focused on repair and replacement of the ACL, PCL and reconstruction of the posterolateral corner.
Our ligament repair technique was developed by Dr. Stone in the early 1990s. The technique focused on partial ligament tears close to the bony insertion. By microfracturing the bone, marrow stem cells were released to stimulate healing. A novel suture technique was then used to place stitches in the torn fibers of the anterior or posterior cruciate ligament and secure it to the bone with a suture anchor. (see ACL repair page). Over the years the indications for ligament repair were tightened to only include partial tears right at the bony insertion.
Ligament replacement always involved using the patient's own patellar tendon called bone-patella-tendon bone until approximately 2005. Once adequate sterilization procedures were introduced to tissue banking Stone then exclusively used allograft (donor) bone-patella tendon-bone tissue. The results have been extremely successful and have eliminated the anterior knee pain and weakness from harvesting the patients own tissue.
Surgical Technique Videos: ACL, PCL, Postero-Lateral Corner
SELECTED PUBLICATIONS
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: 3-Incision Technique With Allograft Quad Tendon ACL Reconstruction. Stone KR. Video Journal of Sports Medicine. 2024;4(2).
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction with a Porcine Xenograft: A Serologic, Histologic, and Biomechanical Study in Primates. Stone KR, Walgenbach AW, Turek TJ, Somers DL, Wicomb W, Galili U. Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery. April 2007;23:411-419.
Replacement of Human Anterior Cruciate Ligaments with Pig Ligaments: A Model for Anti-NonGal Antibody Response in Long-Term Xenotransplantation. Stone KR, Abdel-Motal UM, Walgenbach AW, Turek TJ, Galili U. Transplantation. January 2007;83:211-219.
The Excruciating Cruciate. Stone KR, Potts CR. Men's Fitness, January 1992.
Changes in Knee Stability After Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Graft Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction and Iliotibial Band Tenodesis. Paschal SO, Stone KR, Steadman JR. The American Journal of Knee Surgery, 4(4):173-185, Fall 1991.
The Knee Joint Anterior Cruciate Ligament: Injury and Prevention. Stone KR. The Professional Skier, 3: 48-49, Winter 1989.
Ligament and Tendon Oxygenation Measurements Using Polarographic Oxygen Sensors. Stone KR, Bowman HF, Boland A, Steadman JR. Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery, 3(3):187-195, 1987.
GRANTS
"Pig Articular Cartilage as Xenograft." (NIH-SBIR) Award # 1R43 AR45321-01, 1998.
PATENTS
"Proteoglycan-Reduced Soft Tissue Xenografts." US Patent 6,455,309. Issued September 24, 2002.
"Soft Tissue Xenografts." US Patent 6,758,865 B1. Issued July 6, 2004.
"Anterior Cruciate Ligament Xenografts." US Patent 6,402,783. Issued June 11, 2002.
"Method of Prepairng Xenograft Heart Valves." US Patent 6,383,732. Issued May 7, 2002.
"Proteoglycan-Reduced Soft Tissue Xenografts." US Patent 6,267,786. Issued July 31, 2001.
"Aldehyde and Glycosidase-Treated Soft and Bone Tissue Xenografts." US Patent 6,231,608. Issued May 15, 2001.
"Anterior Cruciate Ligament Xenografts." US Patent # 6,210,440. Issued April 3, 2001
"Anterior Cruciate Ligament Xenografts." US Patent # 6,110,206. Issued August 29, 2000.
"Anterior Cruciate Ligament Heterograft." US Patent # 6,063,120. Issued May 16, 2000.
"Anterior Cruciate Ligament Heterograft." US Patent # 5,902,338. Issued May 11, 1999.
"Anterior Cruciate Ligament Repair Method." US Patent # 5,702,422. Issued December 30, 1997.
"Prosthetic Ligaments." US Patent # 5,263,984. Issued November 23, 1993.